將 curl 命令轉換為 Java 程式碼 - 為 API 請求生成即用型 Java HttpClient 程式碼
// Java HttpClient code will appear here // Example: import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.time.Duration; public class HttpClientExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder() .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2) .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10)) .build(); String jsonBody = "{\"name\": \"test\"}"; HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/data")) .header("Content-Type", "application/json") .POST(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(jsonBody)) .build(); HttpResponseresponse = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); System.out.println(response.statusCode()); System.out.println(response.body()); } }
以下是一些可以轉換為 Java 程式碼的常見 curl 命令:
curl https://api.example.com/users
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name":"John","email":"[email protected]"}' https://api.example.com/users
curl -X PUT -H "Authorization: Bearer token123" -d '{"status":"active"}' https://api.example.com/users/1
curl -X DELETE https://api.example.com/users/1
curl -H "X-API-Key: abc123" -H "Accept: application/json" https://api.example.com/data
Java 的 HttpClient 庫(Java 11 引入)是一種強大且現代的方式來發出 HTTP 請求。以下是一些常見的 Java HttpClient 模式:
import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; public class FileUploadExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder() .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2) .build(); Path path = Paths.get("document.pdf"); String boundary = "----WebKitFormBoundary" + System.currentTimeMillis(); String contentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; // Create multipart form data String data = "--" + boundary + "\r\n" + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"" + path.getFileName() + "\"\r\n" + "Content-Type: application/pdf\r\n\r\n"; byte[] fileData = Files.readAllBytes(path); byte[] requestBody = new byte[data.getBytes().length + fileData.length + ("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n").getBytes().length]; System.arraycopy(data.getBytes(), 0, requestBody, 0, data.getBytes().length); System.arraycopy(fileData, 0, requestBody, data.getBytes().length, fileData.length); System.arraycopy(("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n").getBytes(), 0, requestBody, data.getBytes().length + fileData.length, ("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n").getBytes().length); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/upload")) .header("Content-Type", contentType) .header("Authorization", "Bearer YOUR_TOKEN_HERE") .POST(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofByteArray(requestBody)) .build(); HttpResponseresponse = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); System.out.println(response.body()); } }
import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.time.Duration; public class ErrorHandlingExample { public static void main(String[] args) { HttpClient client = HttpClient.newBuilder() .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2) .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5)) .build(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/data")) .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5)) .GET() .build(); try { HttpResponseresponse = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); int statusCode = response.statusCode(); if (statusCode >= 200 && statusCode < 300) { System.out.println("Success: " + response.body()); } else { System.out.println("Error: " + statusCode + " - " + response.body()); } } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Connection error: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println("Request interrupted: " + e.getMessage()); Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Error making request: " + e.getMessage()); } } }
複製您的 curl 命令 → 貼到輸入框 → 獲取轉換後的 Java HttpClient 程式碼
我們的轉換器支援複雜的 curl 命令,並將其轉換為使用 HttpClient 庫的乾淨、高效的 Java 程式碼
我們的工具處理這些常見的 curl 選項並將它們轉換為適當的 Java HttpClient 程式碼:
答:生成的 Java HttpClient 程式碼需要 Java 11 或更高版本。對於較舊的 Java 版本,請考慮使用替代的 HTTP 客戶端,如 Apache HttpClient 或 OkHttp。
答:基本生成的程式碼包含用於 IOException 和 InterruptedException 的 try/catch 區塊。對於生產環境的程式碼,您可能需要為不同的 HTTP 狀態碼添加更具體的錯誤處理。
答:HttpClient 庫提供了幾種用於處理回應的 BodyHandlers。使用 HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString() 處理文字回應,ofInputStream() 處理二進制資料,或 ofByteArray() 處理原始位元組。
答:不需要外部庫。HttpClient 自 Java 11 起就是 Java 標準庫的一部分。對於 JSON 處理,您可能需要添加像 Jackson 或 Gson 這樣的庫。
答:對於 Java 中的檔案上傳,您需要使用 HttpClient 的多部分表單資料。我們的轉換器處理帶有 -F
或 --form
選項的 curl 命令,並生成適當的 Java 程式碼。
答:Java 的 HttpClient 通過 HttpClient.Builder.cookieHandler() 方法提供 cookie 處理。當您轉換包含 cookie 處理的 curl 命令(使用 -b
或 --cookie
)時,我們的工具會生成正確管理 cookie 的 Java 程式碼。
答:雖然 curl 非常適合快速命令行 API 測試,但 Java HttpClient 提供了一種程式化方法,可與您的 Java 應用程式整合。將 curl 轉換為 Java 有助於縮小 Java 開發中測試和實現之間的差距。
了解 curl 命令對於使用 Java 進行有效的 API 測試至關重要。以下是我們的轉換器支援的常見 curl 選項的快速參考:
curl [options] [URL]
-X, --request METHOD
: Specify request method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.)-H, --header LINE
: Add header to the request-d, --data DATA
: Send data in POST request-F, --form CONTENT
: Submit form data-u, --user USER:PASSWORD
: Server user and password-k, --insecure
: Allow insecure server connections-I, --head
: Show document info only-v, --verbose
: Make the operation more verbose-s, --silent
: Silent mode--connect-timeout SECONDS
: Maximum time for connection我們的 Java 轉換器處理複雜的 curl 命令,包括多個標頭、身份驗證、資料負載和各種選項。只需貼上您的 curl 命令,即可獲得使用 HttpClient 庫的乾淨、現代的 Java 程式碼。
使用 Java HttpClient 庫時,請遵循這些最佳實踐,以實現高效且安全的 API 互動:
import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.net.URI; public class HttpClientReuseExample { // Create a single HttpClient instance for the application private static final HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder() .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2) .build(); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // First request HttpRequest request1 = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/users")) .GET() .build(); HttpResponseresponse1 = httpClient.send(request1, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); // Second request (uses same client) HttpRequest request2 = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/products")) .GET() .build(); HttpResponse response2 = httpClient.send(request2, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); } }
import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.net.http.HttpTimeoutException; public class ErrorHandlingBestPractice { public static void main(String[] args) { HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/data")) .GET() .build(); try { HttpResponseresponse = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); switch (response.statusCode()) { case 200: case 201: System.out.println("Success: " + response.body()); break; case 400: System.out.println("Bad request: " + response.body()); break; case 401: case 403: System.out.println("Authentication error: " + response.statusCode()); break; case 404: System.out.println("Resource not found"); break; case 500: case 503: System.out.println("Server error: " + response.statusCode()); break; default: System.out.println("Unexpected status: " + response.statusCode()); } } catch (HttpTimeoutException e) { System.out.println("Request timed out: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Network error: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println("Request interrupted"); Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); } } }
import java.net.URI; import java.net.http.HttpClient; import java.net.http.HttpRequest; import java.net.http.HttpResponse; import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture; public class AsyncRequestExample { public static void main(String[] args) { HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient(); HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder() .uri(URI.create("https://api.example.com/data")) .GET() .build(); CompletableFuture> futureResponse = client.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString()); futureResponse .thenApply(HttpResponse::body) .thenAccept(System.out::println) .exceptionally(e -> { System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage()); return null; }); // Do other work while the request is processing System.out.println("Request sent asynchronously..."); // Wait for the request to complete if needed futureResponse.join(); } }